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Linux

Linux命令

Administrator
Administrator
2024-08-23 / 0 评论 / 0 点赞 / 13 阅读 / 9064 字
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重装与使用：

Linux重装：

bash <(wget --no-check-certificate -qO- 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MoeClub/Note/master/InstallNET.sh') -d 11 -v 64 -p "密码" -port "22"

修改root密码：

passwd root

修改系统时区为上海：

timedatectl                              #查看系统时区
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai   #改成上海

更新必备组件

apt update -y && apt upgrade -y   #更新源
apt install sudo wget curl -y     #安装基础软件

安装docker与docker-compose：

  • 方案一
#docker
wget -qO- get.docker.com | bash
systemctl enable docker   #开机自启docker
systemctl start docker    #启动docker

```
# 示例docker-compose
curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose


# 获取最新版本号
VERSION=$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep 'tag_name' | cut -d\" -f4) && echo "Latest Docker Compose Version: $VERSION"
# 下载最新版本的 Docker Compose
curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/${VERSION}/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# 给予执行权限
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose --version
  • 方案二
#docker
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh get-docker.sh
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
docker -v

```
#docker-compose
# 获取最新版本号
VERSION=$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep 'tag_name' | cut -d\" -f4) && echo $VERSION
# 下载最新版本的 Docker Compose
curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/${VERSION}/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# 给予执行权限
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose -v

中文乱码

dpkg-reconfigure locales   #配置LOCALE

鼠标滚动找到en_US.UTF-8和zh_CN.UTF-8并用空格勾选

然后选择en_US.UTF-8为默认的LOCALE

基本命令：

查看内存使用状况：

free -m

查看磁盘使用情况：

df -hl   #查看系统磁盘使用情况
du -hl   #查看当前目录下文件磁盘使用情况

查看系统信息

cat /etc/os-release

解压与压缩：

#tar
tar xvf xxx.tar   #解压
tar cvf xxx.tar   #压缩

#tar.gz
tar zxvf xxx.tar.gz   #解压
tar zcvf xxx.tar.gz   #压缩

#zip
apt-get install zip -y
unzip xxx.zip   #解压
zip xxx.zip newname   #压缩

find命令：

#查看当前目录及子目录文件
find . -name "文件名称"

docker命令：

#进入容器
docker exec -it docker_name bash

#复制容器文件到外部
docker cp docker_name:path path   #敌一个path是容器文件位置，第二个path是你要复制到外部的位置

docker restart docker_name   #重启容器
docker stop docker_name      #停止容器
docker rm docker_name        #删除容器(要先停止)

清理日志

journalctl --vacuum-time=1w

一些操作：

定时任务：

systemctl enable cron.service   #开机自动启动服务
systemctl disable cron.service  #开机不会自动启动服务
systemctl start cron.service    #启动服务
systemctl stop cron.service     #停止服务
systemctl restart cron.service  #重启服务
crontab -l                      #查看定时任务
crontab -e                      #编写定时任务

#查看日志，Debian需手动开启
nano /etc/rsyslog.conf
#找到# cron.*                          /var/log/cron.log这一行，去掉#
/etc/init.d/rsyslog restart     #重启日志服务
systemctl restart cron.service  #重启服务
cat /var/log/cron.log           #查看日志

关闭防火墙：

systemctl start supervisord
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld

查看端口使用情况：

#安装lsof
yum install lsof -y   #centos
apt install lsof -y   #debian

#使用
lsof -i:xxx   #xxx为端口号

screen：

#安装
yum -y install screen       #centos
apt-get install screen -y   #debian

#创建新窗口
screen -S xxx   #S大写，name为窗口名字

#回到主界面，按住CTRL+a+d

#查看窗口
screen -ls

#进入一个窗口
screen -r id或者name   #id和name可用-ls命令查看

#结束一个窗口
exit   #一定要在要被结束的窗口中进行

访问GitHub

https://github.com/maxiaof/github-hosts

#修改服务器hosts
nano /etc/hosts

```
#Github Hosts Start
#Update Time: 2024-01-30
#Project Address: https://github.com/maxiaof/github-hosts
#Update URL: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/maxiaof/github-hosts/master/hosts
140.82.114.26 alive.github.com
140.82.114.26 live.github.com
185.199.110.154 github.githubassets.com
140.82.113.22 central.github.com
185.199.111.133 desktop.githubusercontent.com
185.199.110.153 assets-cdn.github.com
185.199.108.133 camo.githubusercontent.com
185.199.110.133 github.map.fastly.net
146.75.121.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
140.82.121.4 gist.github.com
185.199.110.153 github.io
140.82.121.4 github.com
192.0.66.2 github.blog
140.82.121.5 api.github.com
185.199.111.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
185.199.110.133 user-images.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 favicons.githubusercontent.com
185.199.109.133 avatars5.githubusercontent.com
185.199.110.133 avatars4.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars3.githubusercontent.com
185.199.109.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com
185.199.110.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com
185.199.109.133 avatars0.githubusercontent.com
185.199.110.133 avatars.githubusercontent.com
140.82.121.10 codeload.github.com
52.216.218.201 github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com
54.231.228.113 github-com.s3.amazonaws.com
52.217.113.73 github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com
52.216.221.9 github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com
52.216.90.68 github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com
185.199.109.153 githubstatus.com
140.82.113.17 github.community
52.224.38.193 github.dev
140.82.114.22 collector.github.com
13.107.42.16 pipelines.actions.githubusercontent.com
185.199.109.133 media.githubusercontent.com
185.199.110.133 cloud.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 objects.githubusercontent.com
#Github Hosts End

```
nscd restart

如果是release文件下载访问https://d.serctl.com/

换源

清华：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/

阿里：https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu

sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade ca-certificates
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
nano /etc/apt/sources.list

```
#阿里源
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

```
#清华源
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

```
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade -y

一次性替换

## 下面这个命令例子是将这个目录及其子目录下所有扩展名为.py的文件，使用sed命令将这些文件中的所有np.int替换为int。
find . -type f -name "*.py" -exec sed -i 's/np.int/int/g' {} +
0
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