WSL2安装

本文参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/509079404

安装

开启Linux子系统以及虚拟机平台2个选项

打开控制面板，点击程序，里面有个启用或关闭Windows功能选项，打开找到下图所示打勾

管理员运行powershell，输入以下命令，然后重启电脑。

# 查看有什么版本
wsl --list --online
# 默认安装
wsl --install
# 自定义安装版本
wsl --install -d Ubuntu-18.04

下载适用于 x64 计算机的 WSL2 Linux 内核更新包：https://wslstorestorage.blob.core.windows.net/wslblob/wsl_update_x64.msi

dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
wsl --set-default-version 2

如果需要安装到其他盘

# 关闭
wsl --shutdown
# 导出
wsl --export Ubuntu-18.04 D:/export.tar
# 卸载
wsl --unregister Ubuntu-18.04
# 选择安装位置
wsl --import Ubuntu-18.04 D:\wsl\ D:\export.tar --version 2

安装后会进入注册界面，输入账号及密码后就安装成功了。

powershell输入下面命令可参考版本号

wsl -l -v

如果版本号为1，则可能需要转换，第三个为你的wsl名称，我这里用的是Ubuntu-18.04

wsl --set-version Ubuntu-18.04 2

设置

默认root登录

wsl -d Ubuntu-18.04 --user root

换源

清华：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/

阿里：https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu

sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade ca-certificates
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak && nano /etc/apt/sources.list

# 阿里ubuntu 18.04 LTS (bionic)
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

# deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 清华ubuntu 18.04 LTS (bionic)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y

代理：

cat /etc/resolv.conf #查看主机Windows IP
export ALL_PROXY="http://172.20.96.1:10809" #将172改为自己的IP，然后记得打开局域网连接

每次重新配置的话，太繁琐了，我们用命令解决

nano ~/.bashrc

# 添加如下代码
function startproxy() {
    export ALL_PROXY="http://172.20.96.1:10809"
}

function stopproxy() {
    unset ALL_PROXY
}

# 编辑完成输入
source ~/.bashrc

现在我们可以通过startproxy与stopproxy两个命令来开关代理了

开启ssh

# 安装ssh
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openssh-server

# 配置
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

找到下面这两个配置，去掉冒号并根据需要修改

# 允许root登录
PermitRootLogin yes
# 允许密码登录
PasswordAuthentication yes

# 生成主机密钥
sudo dpkg-reconfigure openssh-server
# 启动
sudo service ssh --full-restart

现在你可以根据127.0.0.1:22等信息用xshell连接了。如果连接不上查看是不是端口问题。